ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to develop multiparticulate gastro retentive drug delivery system of Venlafaxine hydrochloride by Emulsion gelation method using sodium alginate as a polymer and liquid paraffin. Floating microcarriers of the Venlafaxine hydrochloride was developed to prolong the gastric residence time, increase therapeutic efficiency, reduce frequency of administration and improve patient compliance. The prepared microcarriers were evaluated for micrometric properties, particle size, % drug entrapment efficiency, buoyancy percentage, in vitro-drug release studies. The prepared microcarriers were free flowing and discrete. The %drug entrapment was found in the range of 46.93 to 71.88. F1 formulation showed highest entrapment efficiency (71.88). There was no lag time was observed, the microcarriers immediately floated and remained floating for more than 10 hours. The particle size of the floating microcarriers was in the range of 0.54-1.26 mm. the drug release was studied up to 7 hours and results indicates that F6 formulation was found to be best suitable one.

Keywords: Venlafaxine hydrochloride, Floating microcarriers, Emulsion gelation, Sodium alginate, Liquid paraffin.

ABSTRACT

Curcumin a polyphenolic active pharmaceutical ingredient, extracted from curcuma longa possess a wide variety of pharmacological activities. The utility of curcumin is limited by its, lack of water solubility, and relatively low invivo bioavailability. In this context, Co-crystal approach are non-ionic supramolecular complexes and can be used to address physical property issues such as solubility, stability and bioavailability in pharmaceutical development without changing the chemical composition of the API. Novel co-crystal of curcumin with methyl paraben was obtained by liquid assisted grinding method by (1:1) molar ratio. This formulation was evaluated for Anti-inflammatory activity. FT-IR, DSC, PXRD results delineation of the hierarchy of hydrogen bonding between complementary functional groups or supramolecular heterosynthons can be accomplished. The percentage of inhibition in paw edema after 3 h were recorded 67.71 % in case of Indomethacin, 55.73% in case of 100 mg/kg of Curcumin, 66.67 % in case of 100 mg/kg of Curcumin co-crystals respectively.

Keywords: Curcumin Co-crystal, Anti-inflammatory activity, Curcuma longa.

ABSTRACT

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the invitro antioxidant activities of ultra-sonic bath sonicator assisted extract of ethanol extract of Abutilon indicum leaf was tested for Total phenolic content and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The result shows that extract of Abutilon indicum L. leaf possesses antioxidant activity when compared with standard shows the same.

Keywords: Abutilon indicum L., Total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging assay.

ABSTRACT

Flash chromatography is rapid form of preparative column chromatography- preparative liquid chromatography based upon an air pressure driven hybrid of medium and short column chromatography optimized for rapid separation of organic compounds. As technology has evolved available guidelines for normal-phase flash chromatography have become less relevant. Years of experience performing chromatography with disposable columns have been condensed into simple guidelines useful for translating TLC results into either isocratic- or gradient-flash chromatography. The described studies should provide researchers with a means of selecting adequate columns and guidelines to reduce the waste of solvents, silica, time, and money. Modern flash chromatography systems are sold as pre-packed plastic cartridges and the solvent is pumped through the cartridge. These systems may also be linked with detectors and fraction collectors providing automation. The introduction of gradient pumps has resulted in quicker separations and less solvent usage.

Keywords: Silica gel, Flash chromatography, TLC.

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present research work is to enhance the dissolution profile of the mefenamic acid by Modified Starch as a carrier. Starch citrate was prepared by reacting the citric acid with starch at elevated temperature. Starch citrate was exhibited good flow properties and it had good swelling property without pasting when heated in water was consider to be promising carrier for solid dispersions for enhancing the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs. Starch citrate was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and these results were suggesting that structure of starch had been modified. Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug belongs to the Biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class II drug. Dissolution rate is the rate determining step in the bioavailability of the mefenamic acid. Dissolution profile of the mefenamic acid was improved by solid dispersion technique. Solid dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation method. Prepared solid dispersions were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vitro dissolution studies were carried by using USP (XXIV) type II apparatus. Results of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry were revealed that there were no interactions between the drug and polymer. Mean dissolution rate of the pure drug was improved from 0.6391to 4.740. A 4.740 fold improvement in the mean dissolution rate of mefenamic acid was observed. Initial dissolution rate and dissolution efficiency of mefenamic acid were also found to improved. It was concluded that Starch citrate is promising carrier for dissolution enhancement of poorly water soluble drugs.

Keywords: Mefenamic acid, Starch citrate, Solid dispersions, Dissolution rate.

ABSTRACT

Contract manufacturing involves production of goods by firm, under the label or brand of another firm. Contract manufacturers provide such service to several firms based on their own or consumers’ designs, formulas, and or specifications. The pharmaceutical industry is big on contract manufacturing. The reason is that buying equipment to mass produce certain chemicals is very costly. And some companies can’t do it. So they enter into a contract with a manufacturer to produce certain chemicals for them so they can combine those chemicals with what they have to produce the end result. When working with contract manufacturing there are benefits and risks. When making the decision on whether or not a company should contract manufacture, the company should weigh the benefits and risks associated with it. Contract manufacturing works if the company gets involved with the right company. If the company were to get involved in the wrong company, the whole process will not work. Mostly contract manufacturing benefits companies who want to give their customers goods or services only they can provide, but using another company to provide or produce the goods, thereby lowering costs. By using contract manufacturing, a company can contract with various companies to sell their products, while saving on costs.

Key Words:- Contract manufacturing, Cost, High quality, Benefits, Risks.